Beyond the Clinical Cases in the Field of Infectology

Автори: Радка Комитова, Ани Кеворкян, Мария Атанасова, Олиана Бойкинова, Йордан Калчев, Елица Голкочева-Маркова, Ваня Рангелова
Заглавие: Beyond the Clinical Cases in the Field of Infectology
Guidebook on infectious diseases
Страници: 212; Формат: A5
ISBN: 978-619-237-106-7

PREFACE

Infectious diseases continue to be part of a dynamic and constantly evolving landscape. New infections emerge – Ebola, COVID-19, unex-plained child hepatitis, and monkeypox beyond Africa have taken their turn in the spotlight. The emerging pathogens are a plane ride away and can be disseminated worldwide in only a few days to weeks. The automation and molecular revolution in diagnostic laboratories make it possible to detect new pathogens, such as in the 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus. The failure of treatments that have served faithfully for many years is alarm-ing. S. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, environmental mycobacteria, and molds are emerging as important pathogens in the ever-expanding immunocom-promised population.
Some advances stand out. First, pre-exposure prophylaxis has demon-strated a decline in HIV spread, giving hope that this epidemic can be blunt. Second, new biologics, including vaccines and monoclonal antibodies, play a role not only in infectious diseases but also in other conditions with a malfunctioning immune system.
This pocket-size book is a mixture of concise information in the clinical syndromes chapters, combined with a few cases and questions to test knowledge about the organisms and laboratory diagnosis, clinical manifes-tation, epidemiology, and prevention. Other information is available in the glossary of medical terms, abbreviations, and high-yield word associations.
“Beyond the Clinical Cases in the Field of Infectology” hopefully will prompt, guide, and educate those caring for or learning about people with infections.
Have fun and good luck!

Radka Komitova
July 2022

Table of Contents

Preface
Contributors
List of the Most Common Bacterial, and Fungal Pathogens
Common Unit Conversions
Commonly Measured Laboratory Values
High Yield Words Association
Common Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in Medicine
APPROACH THE PATIENT WITH POSSIBLE INFECTIOUS DISEASE
CLINICAL LABORATORY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES: THE BASIC
DIAGNOSTING TESTING AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Inflammatory Markers
Complete Blood Count – Common Presenting Problems
Metabolic Abnormalities
MICROBIOLOGY TESTING AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Specimen Selection, Collection, and Transport
Cultivation
Identification of Specific Microbial Products
Detection of Specific Antibodies to Pathogens
Multiplex PCR
ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS
A Simplified Look at Antibiotics
Principles of Rational Antimicrobial Therapy
Selection, Timing, Dosing, and Preferred Route of Administration
Dis (Continuing) of Antimicrobial Therapy
Antimicrobial Prophylaxis
Antivirals
INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN HEALTHCARE SETTINGS
Standard Precautions
Transmission-Based Precautions
VACCINES
HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS. BUNDLES
INFECTIOUS EXANTHEMS
General Remarks
Measles
Rubella
Chickenpox
Anthrax
Scarlet Fever
Clinical Cases and Answers
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INFECTIONS
Meningitis
Bacterial Meningitis
Viral/Aseptic Meningitis
Encephalitis
HSV Encephalitis
Rabies
Poliomyelitis
Tetanus
Clinical Cases and Answers
HIV INFECTION AND AIDS. OTHER IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOSTS
HIV Infection and AIDS
Infections in the Immunocompromised Host
Clinical Cases and Answers
RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS
Influenza
Pertussis
Diphtheria
Infectious Mononucleosis
Mumps
COVID-19
Clinical Cases and Answers
ZOONOSES
Lyme Disease/Lyme Borreliosis
Leptospiroses
Tularemia
Brucellosis
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Q Fever
Clinical Cases and Answers
ACUTE VIRAL HEPATITIS
General Considerations
Acute Viral Hepatitis А, B, C, D, and E
Therapy and Prophylaxis
Additional Information on HBV Serological Markers
Clinical Cases and Answers
INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA
General Considerations
Approach the Patient with Infectious Diarrhea
Shigelloses, Salmonellosеs, E. coli, C. difficile, Viral Diarrhea
Management
Prevention
Clinical Cases and Answers
Glossary
References